Vulva of a Cow in Estrus.
Edema and hyperemia of the vulva as a physiological response of a cow in estrus.
Drost M (1970)
Infantile Vulva.
Infantile external genitalia in an 18-month old heifer. The uterus and ovaries were also very small and inactive.
Ott R (2013)
Edema of the Vulva.
Edema of the vulva in a cow with cystic follicular degeneration. Also seen as a physiological response of a cow in estrus.
Roberts SJ (1973)
Allergic Reaction of the Vulva.
Allergic response by acute swelling of the vulva after transrectal palpation of a cow with diarrhea, or a cow on a specific diet. Seen in some cows fed tomato pulp as a byproduct from the canning industry in California.
Drost M (1970)
Pneumovagina.
Tipped vulva. Horizontal orientation of the vulva may lead to pneumovagina. A Caslick operation may be indicated.
Roberts SJ (1973)
Louse Infestation.
Colonization of the vulva and tail by lice (Haematopinus quadrapertusus, the cattle tail louse), in the US is found mostly in South Florida and other Gulf states. The tail is full of nits.
Drost M (1980)
Louse Infestation.
Colonization of the vulva by lice (Haematopinus quadrapertusus, the cattle tail louse), in the US is found mostly in South Florida and other Gulf states.
Drost M (1980)
Early Fibropapilloma.
Small fibropapilloma in a yearling heifer. They are infectious and spread by direct and indirect contact. Spontaneous regression occurs in one to six months. They can be traumatized by the tail.
Zimmerman JM (2011)
Small Pendulous Fibropapilloma.
Small pendulous fibropapilloma in a yearling heifer. They are easily traumatized by the tail.
Zimmerman JM (2011)
Fibropapilloma.
Fibropapillomas occur primarily in young animals. They are infectious and spread by direct and indirect contact. Spontaneous regression occurs in one to six months.
Roberts SJ (1973)
Fibropapilloma.
Early development of a fibropapilloma after experimental injection of ground up wart material to prove transmission and study development of the lesion (2 weeks after injection).
Roberts SJ (1973)
Fibropapilloma.
Early fibropapilloma lesion at the dorsal commissure of the vulva.
Roberts SJ (1973)
Advanced Fibropapilloma.
Advanced fibropapilloma lesion at the dorsal commissure of the vulva.
Roberts SJ (1973)
Fibropapilloma.
Fibropapilloma lesions spread from the vulva to the underside of the tail.
Roberts SJ (1973)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva in the cow are locally invasive. The prognosis is poor unless detected early and radically excised. They usually start as squamous metaplasia in the nonpigmented portion of the labia of older cows.
Utrecht (1976)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Labiae.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva of a yearling heifer. Trauma is due to rubbing by base of the tail.
Zimmerman JM (2011)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva in the cow are locally invasive. The prognosis is poor unless detected early and radically excised. They usually start as squamous metaplasia (note the white plaques ventral to the larger lesions) in the nonpigmented portion of the labia of older cows.
Drost M (1971)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva.
Squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva in the cow are locally invasive. The prognosis is poor unless detected early and radically excised. They usually start as squamous metaplasia in the nonpigmented portion of the labia of older cows. These lesions become very contaminated and are constantly irritated by friction from the tail.
Grimmett JB (1981)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vulva.
Squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva in the cow are locally invasive. The prognosis is poor unless detected early and radically excised. They usually start as squamous metaplasia in the nonpigmented portion of the labia of older cows. These lesions become very contaminated and are constantly irritated by friction from the tail.
Drost M (1971)
Infectious Pustular Vulvovaginitis.
Infectious Pustular Vulvovaginitis (IPV). The vulva is swollen in response to inflammation as a result of the virus infection. A slight abnormal discharge is also present due to vaginitis.
Roberts SJ (1973)
Pustular Vulvovaginitis.
Infectious pustular vulvovaginitis caused by the the Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus has been infrequently diagnosed in the USA since the 1970s, but is prevalent in parts of Russia.
Plahotnik A (2007)
Granular Venereal Disease.
The genital form of Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR). The initial expression is enlargement of the lymph follicles in the vestibule. Enlargement of the linearly arranged lymph follicles on the vulvar mucosa may also occur in response to a number of irritants including some infectious agents.
Plahotnik A (2007)
Bovine Herpes Virus Infection.
Characteristic of all herpes virus infections are the intranuclear inclusion bodies as shown here.
Roberts SJ (1973)
Bovine Herpes Virus Infection.
Infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV). A very painful diphtheritic plaque has formed in the vestibule which makes the animal reluctant to urinate.
Roberts SJ (1973)
Infectious Pustular Vulvovaginitis.
Infectious Pustular Vulvovaginitis (IPV). The linearly arranged lymph follicles are enlarged in response to the irritation by the herpes virus.
Roberts SJ (1973)
Vulvar Wattle.
A vulvar wattle is an epithelial structure that resembles a small bull penis and is suspended from the dorsolateral wall of the vestibule in an occasional heifer. No other anomalies are associated with it. Surgical removal is straightforward but does require a ligature at its base because it usually has an active central artery. Owners mistakenly think that their animal is a hermaphrodite. The dorsal location readily distinguishes it from the clitoris which is present, as normal, in the ventral commissure of the vulva.
Martin JM (1985)
External Vulvar Wattle.
Congenital vulvar wattle. While rare, vulvar wattles more frequently are attached to the vestibular mucosa. They are of no clinical significance.
Drost M (1971)
Vulvar Polyp.
Congenital vulvar polyp or wattle. While still rare, vulvar wattles are more frequently attached to the vestibular mucosa. They are of no clinical significance.
Lunsford ND (2008)
Vulvar Polyp.
Congenital polyp or wattle adjacent to the vulva. While still rare, vulvar wattles are more frequently attached to the vestibular mucosa. They are of no clinical significance.
Lunsford ND (2008)
Pedunculated Vulvar Wattle.
Trauma during delivery of a large calf resulted in the formation of this large peduculated wattle near the vestibulo-vaginal junction.
Drost M (2008)
Traumatic Vulvar Wattle.
Large pedunculated dorsal vulvar wattle as a result of injury to the vestibular mucosa during delivery of a large calf. There is other evidence of trauma to the birth canal.
Drost M (2008)
Third Degree Perineal Laceration.
In a third degree perineal laceration the dorsal commissure of the vulva, the perineal body and the anal sphincter have all three been disrupted during an excessively forceful delivery usually involving indiscriminate use of a mechanical fetal extractor (calf puller).
Drost M (1970)
Labial Insufficiency.
Incomplete labial closure is the result of an old injury of the labia, generally associated with a dystocia. Interruption of the blood supply may have caused sloughing of the tissue. Occasionally, the vulva is ripped by vultures when the animal is down after a dystocia, hence unable to escape.
Drost M (1970)
Double Vulva.
Holstein heifer, 13 months old. Congenital duplication of the vulva. The left vulva is patent and connected with the anterior vagina. The cervix and uterus felt normal on transrectal palpation.
Fountaine J (2008)
Double Vulva.
Congenital duplication of the vulva. The left vulva was slightly larger and patent. Each vulva had its own clitoris in the ventral commissure.
Fountaine J (2008)
Double Vulva.
Congenital duplication of the vulva in a 13-month old Holstein heifer. The left vulva is patent, as demonstrated with the insertion of a blood tube. The vulva on the right appeared to end in a blind sac about 10 cm long.
Fountaine J (2008)
Vulva Gigantica.
The enormously enlarged vulva was continuously traumatized and irritated by the tail. Possible cause, an unknown allergen.
Edmiston L (2008)
Vulva Gigantica.
The enormously enlarged vulva was continuously traumatized and irritated by the tail. Possible cause, an unknown allergen.
Edmiston L (2008)