The Visual Guide to
Equine Reproduction
- Parturition
- Presentation
- Injuries to the Foal
- Cesarean Section
- Fetotomy
- Twinning
- Prolapsed Uterus
- Prolapsed Rectum
Obstetrics: Injuries to the Foal

Fractured Ribs.
Healing fractured ribs in a 5-month old foal extracted with too much force during parturition. Excess Vitamin D.
Roberts SJ (1972)

Neonatal Isoerythrolysis.
This 4-day old foal shows severe hemolytic icterus indicative of isoerythrolysis.
Drost M (1967)

Torsion of the Umbilical Cord.
Severe torsion of the umbilical cord in an Arabian mare leading to abortion at 132 days of gestation.
Roberts SJ (1972)

Strangulation of the Umbilical Cord.
Umbilical torsion that caused fetal death and subsequent abortion at early to mid-gestation. The fetus was congested with blood and the bladder was distended with urine.
King AC (2008)

Strangulation of the Amnion.
The blood vessels of the amnion are congested with blood due to strangulation of the umbilical cord. The mid-gestation fetus died and was aborted.
King AC (2008)

Patellar Subluxation.
Luxated patella. Non weight bearing. Note decubital ulcers due to recumbency.
Buergelt CD (1999)

Maladjustment Syndrome.
Foal suffered from hypoxia. The amount of brain damage determines the survival rate.
Pozor MA (2009)

IV Treatment of a Neonate.
Intravenous treatment of a sick newborn foal. The coiled IV tubing allows the foal to get up and move around.
Pozor MA (2009)

Intubated Neonate.
The foal is intubated in preparation for general anesthesia.
Pozor MA (2009)

Umbilical Hernia.
The foal is intubated in preparation for general anesthesia and then repair of an umbilical hernia.
Pozor MA (2009)