The Visual Guide to
Equine Reproduction
- Parturition
- Presentation
- Injuries to the Foal
- Cesarean Section
- Fetotomy
- Twinning
- Prolapsed Uterus
- Prolapsed Rectum
Obstetrics: Cesarean Section
![Mare after C-section.](images/eq00212.jpg)
Mare after C-section.
This mare had a cesarean section because of an old healed pelvic fracture which decreased the functional diameter of her birth canal. Incision in the left paralumbar fossa.
Drost M (1970)
![Ventro-lateral Incision.](images/eq00222.jpg)
Ventro-lateral Incision.
A ventrolateral approach was used to deliver a dead abnormal foal by cesarean section. The birth canal was too small to perform a fetotomy in this Shetland pony mare.
Utrecht (1976)
![Whipstitch of the Uterine Edge.](images/eq00734.jpg)
Whipstitch of the Uterine Edge.
The fetal membranes should be pulled away from the incision line in the uterus to avoid suturing them to the uterine wall.
Pozor MA (2009)
![Uterine Closure.](images/eq00735.jpg)
Uterine Closure.
Closure of the uterine incision (following c-section) with the Utrecht suture pattern, a continuous infolding pattern, to seal the uterine wall and minimize formation of adhesions.
Pozor MA (2009)
![Uterine Tear.](images/eq00677.jpg)
Uterine Tear.
Uterine tear at the base of the horn and in the dorsal aspect of the horn. It was repaired 2 days post partum. The uterus has partially involuted.
Pozor MA (2009)
![Uterine Tear Repair.](images/eq00678.jpg)
Uterine Tear Repair.
The uterine tear sustained during a dystocia was repaired 2 days post partum. Notice the extensive bruising.
Pozor MA (2009)