The Visual Guide to
Equine Reproduction
Male Reproductive System: Breeding Soundness Evaluation
![Scrotal Width.](images/eq00558.jpg)
Scrotal Width.
Special calipers are used to measure testicular diameter. Testicular volume is correlated with the quantity of sperm production. Scrotal width should be at least 8 cm, as one of the criteria in determining the final classification.
Asbury AC (1988)
![Semen Collection.](images/eq00545.jpg)
Semen Collection.
The most common method of semen collection is with the aid of teaser mare, a phantom, and an artificial vagina. The immobile mare serves to arouse the stallion.
Asbury AC (1988)
![Artificial Vagina.](images/eq00552.jpg)
Artificial Vagina.
This is the Missouri model of an equine artificial vagina. The water jacket is filled with warm water at a temperature of at least 42 to 43 degrees Centigrade. Older stallions frequently require temperatures over 45 degrees C to respond properly.
Asbury AC (1988)
![Semen Pouch.](images/eq00548.jpg)
Semen Pouch.
The sterile semen pouch contains a filter to separate out the coagulated secretions of the seminal vesicles. It is connected to the distal end of the artificial vagina.
Asbury AC (1988)
![Lubrication.](images/eq00546.jpg)
Lubrication.
Nonspermacidal lubrication is applied to the entrance into the artificial vagina.
Asbury AC (1988)
![Stallion Mounting the Phantom.](images/eq00544.jpg)
Stallion Mounting the Phantom.
As the stallion mounts the phantom the penis is deflected laterally and guided into the artificial vagina.
Asbury AC (1988)
![Intromission.](images/eq00550.jpg)
Intromission.
As the stallion mounts the phantom, the penis is diverted into the artificial vagina.
Asbury AC (1988)