The Visual Guide to
Caprine Reproduction
Male Reproductive System: Breeding Soundness Evaluation
Examination of the Testes.
During the breeding soundness examination, the testicles are examined for size, symmetry, and consistency. They should be freely movable in the scrotum.
Pugh DG (2007)
Examination of the Epididymis.
The epididymides are examined for size, symmetry, and consistency, as part of the routine breeding soundness examination.
Pugh DG (2007)
Visual Appraisal of the Scrotum.
The testicles should be symmetrical and freely movable in the scrotum. The tail of the epididymis is ventral.
Smith MC (2010)
Visual Examination of the Scrotum.
The testicles should be symmetrical and freely movable in the scrotum.
Smith MC (2010)
Testicular Diameter.
The combined diameter, or the circumference of the testes is measured with a scrotal tape in this Boer goat.
Smith MC (2010)
Ultrasound Examination of the Testes.
The testicles are scanned by ultrasound for normal consistency in this Boer goat.
Smith MC (2010)
Electroejaculation.
This 2.5 year old Boer goat was sedated with 5mg of xylazine prior to semen collection by electroejaculation.
Smith MC (2010)
Insertion of the Electroejaculator Probe.
Insertion of the electroejaculator probe into the rectum. The semen collection cup is placed over the prepuce and the glans penis as it emerges.
Smith MC (2010)
Close-up of the Probe.
The electroejaculator probe has been inserted into the rectum. The lined semen collection cup is placed over the prepuce and the glans penis as it emerges. The glass centrifuge tube can be seen off to the right.
Smith MC (2010)
Electroejaculator Probe Inserted.
The electroejaculator probe has been fully inserted into the rectum. The lined semen collection cup is in place over the prepuce. The glass centrifuge tube can be seen off to the right.
Smith MC (2010)
Keeping the Semen Sample Warm.
The semen sample should be kept warm and be taken directly to the microscope for examination to assess quality.
Smith MC (2010)
Artificial Vagina.
Fully assembled artificial vagina with thermometer and KY lubricant. Recommended water temperature: 40 to 45 degrees centigrade.
Smith MC (2006)
Non-Spermicidal Lubrication.
It is crucial to use only non-spermicidal lubrication when collecting a semen sample for evaluation of motility.
Smith MC (2006)
Insertion of Rectal Probe.
The rectal probe is well lubricated and slowly inserted into the rectum to start the process of electroejaculation. The buck is in a left lateral recumbent position.
Smith MC (2006)
Electroejaculation.
With the rectal probe in place, electroejaculation is begun. The penis is grasped with a piece of gauze and the tip is directed into a collection funnel.
Smith MC (2006)
Semen Collection.
Semen collection by electroejaculation. The ejaculate is collected in a beaker, or other warmed container.
Smith MC (2006)